10 Bretherton & Hartmann.indd
نویسندگان
چکیده
The climatological distribution of clouds is tightly coupled to large-scale circulation. Net cloud radiative forcing is mainly the result of boundary layer clouds in large-scale subsidence. Deep convective cloud systems exert longand shortwave cloud forcing that nearly cancel out each other. The extent of this cancellation depends strongly on the vertical motion profi le, suggesting that if the cancellation is not coincidental, dynamic feedbacks probably play a role in its maintenance. Low cloud radiative forcing is tied to how cold the surface is compared to the free troposphere. It is an open question how this correlation should be represented in a way that generalizes to a perturbed climate. Simple empirical representations of deep and low cloud forcing are shown to provide strong feedbacks on an idealized model of a tropical overturning circulation. Global weather and climate models, however, still have profound diffi culties in accurately representing the cloud response to large-scale forcings.
منابع مشابه
LES vs. MLM sensitivity to Sc cloud droplet concentration
The sensitivity of stratocumulus-capped mixed layers to cloud droplet concentration: do LES and mixed-layer models agree? J. Uchida, C. S. Bretherton, and P. N. Blossey Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Department of Atmospheric Science, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Received: 5 November 2009 – Accepted: 16 November 2009 –...
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تاریخ انتشار 2008